A History of the 714th Tank Battalion Essay -- United States History H

A History of the 714th Tank Battalion, 1942-45 The men of the 714th Tank Battalion served their nation in its most noteworthy period of scarcity. A key component of the twelfth Armored Division, the 714th battled in unforgiving conditions against a urgent German foe for five successive months, driving the Nazi Armies from France and go into the German heartland. The twelfth Armored Division was enacted on 15 September 1942 at a newly assembled Camp Campbell, Kentucky, and fighters from the country over started showing up to fill the division's positions on 24 October 1942. The governors of both Kentucky and Tennessee took an interest in the initiation services, in which Major General Carlos Brewer was named authority of the shaping division. Youthful Roy Zerby was drafted away from his activity of washing vehicles in Bellafonte, Pennsylvania, to in the long run become Sergeant Zerby, Communications Chief for Company D, 714th Tank Battalion. Sergeant Zerby delayed his fantasy of a superior activity and employment to serve his nation. Others like Alvin L. Cooper of Northampton, Massachusetts, chipped in two strides in front of the draft board so as to dodge the National Conscription Act. Cooper quit his situation as a Glazing Machine Operator at the International Silver Company and left his Public Accounting classes to turn into a Surgical Technician in the 714th Battalion's Medical Detachment. A month subsequent to moving on from secondary school in June of 1940, youthful Othal T. Parsons joined the military to serve my nation, beat the draft, and become a bigshot. He was baited by the Army selecting banners clarioning I WANT YOU. Parsons stirred his way up through four distinctive reinforced divisions as an enrolled man until he turned out to be Second Lieutenant Othal T. Parsons, Mortar Pla... ...r Brownwood. Hellcat News, 20 July 1944. Hellcat Nickname Now Deserved, Division Thanks. The Stars and Stripes, 10 March 1945. Hellcats Take Field for Intensive Training. Hellcat News, 30 March 1944. Malis, Steve. Defensive layer of the twelfth Played Role in Hastening V-E. Beachhead News, 14 July 1945. Parsons, Othal T. Meeting by creator, 17 April 1995. Mail poll. twelfth Armored Division Historical Project, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas. Tank Gunnery Program Gets Official Praise. Hellcat News, 9 March 1944. Zerby, Roy M. Meeting by creator, 10 April 1995. Mail poll. twelfth Armored Division Historical Project, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas. Zerby, Roy M. Meeting by creator, 28 March 1996. Mail poll. twelfth Armored Division Historical Project, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas.

Disembodied Existence Essay

A phonetic scholar intensely bolsters this announcement, since it is a logical inconsistency in wording, utilizing their monistic contemplations. To them eternal life, is an opposing idea, since you can't keep on living, after you have kicked the bucket; it would be enduring demise. The idea of immaterial presence to the etymological rationalist can't be soundly clarified in light of the fact that it is an inconsistency, as they as of now hold the presupposition of monism, which accepts that spirit and body are one substance, which can't be isolated. For them an immaterial presence, isn't an alternative and along these lines utilizing phonetic way of thinking, the reason of bodiless presence doesn't hold well, on the grounds that there ought to be no post-existence. Different scholars have censured with this kind of theory, however they themselves are dualists. For instance, Schlick contends that it is conceivable to have eternal life, by asserting you could observer your own memorial service. It currently, becomes conceivable that bodiless endurance is rational and not a logical inconsistency in wording, starting here of view, as psyche and body after death could have been have been isolated, as they are composite natures, to the dualist. So when the body is encountering the memorial service forms, your psyche can be viewing from elsewhere. Pronouns, for example, ‘you’, ‘her’, etc, are utilized in phonetic way of thinking to allude the individual, and fundamentally the genuineness of the individual, yet on the off chance that the setting changes, the implications of the pronouns can be applied to others things, for example, the non-physical items. Thusly, it is likewise substantial to guarantee that, the pronoun ‘I’ isn't care for different pronouns. At the point when you utilize the word, ‘I’-it isn't regarding the genuineness of yourself, however you are alluding to your mindset. It is abstract, and individual. The ‘I’ doesn't allude to the body yet to the psyche inside the body, and hence on the off chance that individuals can discuss themselves without thought of their body, at that point incorporeal presence of both themselves as well as other people, turns out to be less opposing and intelligent starting here of view. Then again, regardless of whether the semantics were to acknowledge the eternal life suggestion, they could contend the issues of distinguishing proof, since now, we remember others, by their rawness. We take a gander at an individual and think, ‘Ah yes earthy colored hair-that is Susan’. Others know the individual by their physical natures, similar to voice, etc. In any case, when we are in this existence in the wake of death world, how are we to perceive each other without a body or voice? To them, distinguishing proof of others gets unthinkable without the body, and thusly they advocate that the free endurance, to an inconsistency and disjointed, however hazardous. Albeit, numerous contentions have assaulted this stand, the least demanding way to deal with this issue is to contend that an individual knows someone else, by their genuineness, yet in addition by their own, unmistakable and remarkable character. For dualists, character isn't a piece of the genuineness, yet a psyche state. Accordingly, whenever immaterial presence is to be acknowledged, for a dualist, the recognizable proof of others isn't an inconsistency, and is sensible and reasonable. The coherency of immaterial presence can be upheld by instances of clairvoyance, which additionally respects the activities of psyche states, without physical information. Clairvoyance shows that the idea of immaterial endurance isn't just possible, and can be seen intelligibly and clairvoyance is to some degree unmistakable proof, as it very well may be demonstrated, through rigid tests, likewise by investigating the records as of now available to us, on the grounds that the brain can work freely to the body. The other issue, of broadcasting the way of thinking of bodiless eternal life, is continuation. For us to endure demise and even start to talk about the odds of an existence in the wake of death, there must be this constant stream; a congruity of us. The individual who bites the dust and endures demise ought to be us, we are the ones to move in to existence in the wake of death. Physco-physical promoter, John Hick’s utilizes his renowned, Replica Theory, so as to show that, progression is consistent chance. Hick’s start by saying envision an individual sitting some place, and afterward out of nowhere quits existing in that place, just to exist elsewhere, without traveling to that new place. Some could contend this individual isn't the genuine individual who had vanished, yet analyzing the individual being referred to altogether, for example, recollections, stomach substance and fingerprints, it turns out to be them, regardless of whether they themselves don't have the foggiest idea how they arrived in any case. The individual at the runner up would be viewed as an accurate ‘replica’ of the individual who kicked the bucket. The reproduction is made as soon the individual bites the dust, and they can't exist all the while. At that point envision, if that individual passed on, and developed in the subsequent spot. Despite the fact that this isn't customary, it could occur. He utilizes these two cases to guarantee, that if an individual passes on here, just to return in a different universe, it can occur, and nothing isn't right with accepting that it happens. This hypothesis is utilized to show the congruity of ourselves, in entering life following death. It appears to be intelligent and totally sensible, along these lines immaterial presence isn't logical inconsistency. In fact, there are issues with this hypothesis, as it doesn't demonstrate progression by any means, on the grounds that the copy turns into the issue. At the point when we bite the dust, the copy is heading off to existence in the wake of death, not us - the first. The congruity stops for the briefest of minutes, when the copies are made, and starting there, the contention never again is lucid, as it attempts to advocate progression however gets conflicting, in light of the fact that the copy, used to keep up the lucidness, turns into the article that begins the logical inconsistency, since it stop the intelligibility. It appears that if discusses incorporeal endurance were to be considered, the coherency, the absence of proof and the recurrence of its logical inconsistency would turn into a significant issue, in especially with the Replica Theory. A clarification for a kind of bodiless presence can be clarified by utilizing both abstract and target everlasting status contentions. Starting with emotional everlasting status, it suggests that Jesus’ instructing and Gospel records, the revival and the way that we trust in a God of affection, we can legitimized in accepting that we could have an incorporeal presence. Different reasons come from the philosophical thinking within reach, for example, Plato’s and Kant’s theory, which contends for the soul’s everlasting status, and what's more the human ability to try and experience the ‘eternal’ seems to imply that there must be something that is endless is us. It is questioned, as a matter of fact, that despite the fact that we can encounter little of the idea ‘eternal’ we don't really need to be everlasting. There are characteristics that are related with the celestial, that we appear to know about ,, for example, empathy and pardoning, and still we are not divine ourselves. Accordingly bodiless endurance can not be intelligently clarified Likewise, it isn't sensible to contend from the Platonic form of the unfading soul or the ethical contention as spoke to by Kant, in light of the fact that there is no observational proof to help both of these. The eternality of the spirit is profoundly reliant on the universe of the Forms which presently can't seem to be demonstrated, much the same as, the Kantian good contention, which calls for there to be a God to give us the best in another life. Once more, God is a problematic, unsupported idea. A contention can't be utilized to demonstrate something different, in the event that it isn't substantiated itself.

Be the First One in Your House to Wake Up

Be the First One in Your House to Wake Up More in Self-Improvement Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships Waking up before anyone else in your family is a peaceful way to start your day. No one pulls you away from your hot cup of tea. There are no demands to comply with or questions to answer, just silence. The tough part is actually getting out of bed to enjoy this experience. Here are six things you can do to get out of bed early and enjoy your morning. Go to Bed on Time You will feel horrible if you go to bed at 1 AM and try to wake up at 5 AM. If you need seven to eight hours of sleep plan to be in bed by 9 PM or 10 PM. If your kids tend to wake you at night, factor this into your bedtime. Then make it a goal to be in your bed at  this time every night (including the weekend) for a month to make this a habit. No Screen Time Before Bed Second, don’t look at any type of screen 30 minutes to an hour before bed. Screens act like coffeeâ€"they stimulate your brain instead of relaxing it. Get a jump start on your nightly cleanup instead. Focus your thoughts on the things you are grateful that happened that day. Follow a Self-Care Bedtime Routine Third, follow a self-care bedtime routine while you envision what you’ll do when you wake up early the next morning. Brush and floss your teeth, wash and moisturize your face, and maybe take a hot shower or bath. The hot water raises your body temperature and when it drops it makes you feel drowsy. Get Into Bed and Prepare for Sleep Last, when you get into bed, write about anything that’s worrying you. If you feel you have a lot to do the next day write it out to stop worrying about it. To help with sleep read a few pages of a book or wear an eye mask. You can also imagine yourself waking up early in the morning to get excited about the experience. Get a New Alarm Clock or Set a New Ring Tone   If you’ve had the same alarm sound for a while it may be time for a change! Your new ringtone or alarm sound can help break the old habit of sleeping through your alarm. Find a tone that sounds good to you and perhaps a bit chipper. If you use your phone, name the alarm something funny like “Go enjoy your coffee!” or “Get up, Mama!”? Do you feel guilty that your new wake-up time will irritate your spouse? Use this as motivation! Set a soft alarm near your bedside to rouse you out of bed. Then set another loud alarm across the room which will wake everyone in the room if you don’t get up in time. This motivation is sure to jolt you out of bed! Create a Morning Routine You’ll Look Forward To When you do wake up before everyone else, what will you do with this precious time other than having a hot cup of coffee in silence? If you don’t have a plan you’ll be less likely to get up. Use this time to go after the personal goals you’ve set. If you don’t have goals, use this time to set some! Here are a few routines you could follow. You could write in your journal about your career goals, what you’re grateful for, or any problems you’re trying to figure out. You could plan out your work day and your personal to-do list to feel more prepared for the day. You could work on a passion project as a personal blog or learn something new from a book or online course. Last, but not least, you could follow an exercise plan that you could dive right into. Avoid Conflict With Your Spouse Before Bedtime Night time is when you finally get to connect with your spouse without interruptions (hopefully). But make a pact to not talk about stressful situations right before bedtime. Save these conversations for right when the kids go to bed or the weekend. Going to bed angry or stressed can ruin your chances for a good night’s rest.   When you start getting into the habit of waking up earlier before everyone else youll cherish this time. If you oversleep you may feel irritated because instead of waking up in silence youre rushing around in chaos. Be easy on yourself because theres always tomorrow!

The Importance Of A Well Rounded Education - 1232 Words

A well-rounded education is necessary in life starting at a young age. Children will be taught in a classroom as they receive a traditional education, or they will have an opportunity to reach their educational goals at home as a parent or guardian teaches. There are two basic ways of teaching a child. First, traditional teaching is taught in a public school system or a private school system along with other children of the same age and grade. These children are taught by a teacher who is paid by the school or the state, and have an education of at least a bachelor’s degree from an accredited university. Second, Homeschooling is being taught within the child’s home and environment outside of the home to receive the same education. Traditional teachers will teach certain subjects or al subjects according to what grade level they teach. Homeschool teachers will teach all subjects. Whether children should be homeschooled or traditional schooled is a question that should b e answered by each individual. What does homeschool offer that traditional schooling cannot, and what can traditional schools give that homeschool will not provide? Freedom and flexibility, rest and relaxation and social interaction are some of the subjects that arise when thinking about which direction to take and what is best for your child. In an article called, â€Å"I m Homeschooled, Hold the Pity Please,† the author speaks about the freedom and flexibility that homeschool brings. â€Å"The truth is that myShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Being Well Rounded By Martha Nussbaum1211 Words   |  5 PagesNussbaum: The Importance of Being Well Rounded Martha Nussbaum, author of Not for Profit, argues that the system of education in the United States and abroad is diminishing the country due to the lack of an overall curriculum and awareness of self. Countries are teaching specific skills that will benefit the economy, but it will hinder the citizen’s freedom of expression. Nussbaum addresses the need for arts and humanities, especially the process of critical thinking, in order to enhance globalRead MoreHigh School And The Neural And Scholastic Benefits Essay1626 Words   |  7 PagesGerald Ford said, â€Å"Music education opens doors that help children pass from school into the world around them a world of work, culture, intellectual activity, and human involvement. The future of our nation depends on providing our children with a complete education that includes music.† Music can do so much for the youth of the nation because it encourages group cooperation, independent study, and a way to relax. It has often be en debated whether the benefits of music in school are significantRead MoreRenaissance Humanism Essay816 Words   |  4 Pagesideas flourished during the European Renaissance which had a lasting impact on the world. Humanism is a worldview and a moral philosophy that considers humans to be of primary importance. The aspect of humanism first thrived in 14th century Italy, and later spread north in the 15th century. Initially humanistic ideas about education were quickly adopted by the Italian upper class. The Italian ideas and attitudes towards life and learning impacted nobility in other parts of Europe. They were able to acceptRead MoreThe Importance of Higher Education768 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Higher Education | In the view of most Americans, a college education has now taken on the importance that a high school education had in the past, and has become a necessary ingredient for a good job and comfortable lifestyle. This value is shared even more widely among African-American and Hispanic parents.* * 84% say that it is extremely (37%) or very (47%) important to have a college degree in order to get ahead.1 * 87% strongly (68%) or somewhat (19%) agree thatRead MoreEssay on Choosing a Major1596 Words   |  7 PagesChoosing a Major Education is a very broad and difficult term and no two people define it the same way, but most would agree that you do get an education in college. Many colleges pride themselves on developing well-rounded students, and yet they make it mandatory for each student to choose one field of specified study. This seems to contradict the whole well-rounded idea. Education cant be confined to just academics. In fact, here is how the dictionary defines academics very learnedRead MoreThe Problems With The 21st Century Education System1343 Words   |  6 PagesAll around the world, people are trying to better education. New national standards are placed and standardized tests are becoming more difficult. As a current student in high school, with twelve years of an education background in the modern day school, I believe there are many problems with the 21st century education system. Two problems being, creativity is not fostered in schools and the most important thing to students is their GPA. Imagine living in a world, where creativity does not existRead MoreThe First Sign Of True Power Of Education Essay860 Words   |  4 PagesEducation in America has progressed through time in many different aspects, both in form but also of importance. In 1647, it was determined that education in America was a must. In these very early stages the focus was not so much about a well rounded education as it is today, but more so to be sure the children were able to read the bible and learn basic information about their religion. Even though advanced we being made in 1779, Thomas Jefferson implemented a two track education system. This systemRead MorePurpose of Education Is to Help Students Learn on Their Own Essay555 Words   |  3 PagesEducation is really aimed at helping students get to the point where they can learn on their own. . . - Noam Chomsky Education standards in New Zealand continue to be a large focus as the results from international assessments are released, showing that New Zealand has dropped substantially in all core subjects; where New Zealand used to lead the world in literacy they have now slipped to lag 13th from 7th, in maths 13th to 22nd and science 7th to 16th.These results lead many in the professionRead MorePursuing A Higher Education Is More Than Getting Training For A Job1426 Words   |  6 Pages Well-rounded â€Å"Only about 10 percent of American 18-year-olds would achieve if they all took the SAT, in an age when more than 30 percent of 18-year-olds go to college.† (Murry 224) According to this quote, high school students are going to college when they are not ready to. What would make these unprepared students want to spend thousands of dollars on an education that they might not even obtain due to their lack of readiness? I would argue that pursuing a higher education is more than gettingRead MoreThe True Value Of Informal Education Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesThe True Value of Informal Education Although about fifty percent of all marriages in the United States will end in divorce or separation, the United States has only the sixth highest divorce rate in the world. This statistic alone shows how broken families have managed to become the social norm across the nation and that the â€Å"American Dream† is, in most cases, unattainable. A study conducted by Andrew J. Cherlin concluded that children that experienced divorces received lower results at school.

The Return Midnight Chapter 12 Free Essays

â€Å"Stefan. Stefan!†Elena had been too nervous to stay out of the bedroom for longer than the five minutes it had taken to show herself to the sheriffs. It was Stefan the officers real y wanted and couldn’t find, not seeming to consider that someone might backtrack and hide in a room that had already been searched. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Midnight Chapter 12 or any similar topic only for you Order Now And now Elena couldn’t get a response out of Stefan, who was locked in an embrace with Meredith, mouth pressed tightly over the two little wounds he’d made. Elena had to shake him by the shoulders, to shake both of them, in order to get any response. Then Stefan reared back suddenly, but held on to Meredith, who would otherwise have fal en. He hastily licked blood from his lips. For once, though, Elena wasn’t focused on him, but on her friend – her friend whom she’d al owed to do this. Meredith’s eyes were shut, but they had dark, almost plum-colored circles under them. Her lips were parted, and her dark cloud of hair was wet where tears had fal en into it. â€Å"Meredith? Merry?†The old nickname just slipped out of Elena’s lips. And then, when Meredith gave no sign of having heard her: â€Å"Stefan, what’s wrong?† â€Å"I Influenced her at the end to sleep.†Stefan lifted Meredith and put her on the bed. â€Å"But what happened? Why is she crying – and what’s wrong with you?†Elena couldn’t help but notice that despite the healthy flush on Stefan’s cheeks his eyes were shadowed. â€Å"Something I saw – in her mind,†Stefan said briefly, pul ing Elena behind his back. â€Å"Here comes one of them. Stay there.† The door opened. It was the male sheriff, who was red-faced and panting, and who had clearly just lapped himself, returning to this room after starting from it to search the entire first floor. â€Å"I have them al in a room – al but the fugitive,†the sheriff said into a large black mobile. The female sheriff made some brief reply. Then the red-faced male turned to speak to the teenagers. â€Å"Now what’s going to happen is that I’m going to search you† – he nodded at Stefan – â€Å"while my partner searches you two.†His head jerked, ear-first, at Meredith. â€Å"What’s wrong with her, anyway?† â€Å"Nothing that you could understand,†Stefan replied cool y. The sheriff looked as if he couldn’t believe what had just been said. Then, suddenly, he looked as if he could, and did, and he took a step toward Meredith. Stefan snarled. The sound made Elena, who was right behind him, jump. It was the low savage snarl of an animal protecting its mate, its pack, its territory. The ruddy-faced policeman suddenly looked pale and panicked. Elena guessed that he was looking at a mouth ful of teeth much sharper than his own, and tinged with blood as well. Elena didn’t want this to turn into a pi – that was, a†¦snarling match. As the sheriff gabbled to his partner, â€Å"We may need some of them silver bul ets after al ,†Elena poked her beloved, who was now making a noise like a very big buzz saw that she could feel in her teeth, and whispered, â€Å"Stefan, Influence him! The other one’s coming, and she may already have cal ed for backup.† At her touch, Stefan stopped making the sound, and when he turned she could see his face changing from that of a savage animal baring its teeth back to his own dear, green-eyed self. He must have taken a lot of blood from Meredith, she thought, with a flutter in her stomach. She wasn’t sure how she felt about that. But there was no denying the after-effects. Stefan turned back to the male sheriff and said crisply, â€Å"You wil go into the front hal way. You wil remain there, silent, until I tel you to move or speak.†Then, without looking up to see if the officer was obeying or not, he tucked the blankets more tightly around Meredith. Elena was watching the sheriff, though, and she noticed that he didn’t hesitate an instant. He made an about-face and marched off to the front foyer. Then Elena felt safe enough to look at Meredith again. She couldn’t find anything wrong in her friend’s face, except her unnatural pal or, and those violet shadows around her eyes. â€Å"Meredith?†she whispered. No response. Elena fol owed Stefan out of the room. She had just made it to the foyer when the female sheriff ambushed them. Coming down the stairs, pushing the fragile Mrs. Flowers before her, she shouted, â€Å"On the ground! Al of you!†She gave Mrs. Flowers a hard shove forward. â€Å"Get down now!† When Mrs. Flowers almost fel sprawling on the floor, Stefan leaped and caught her, and then turned back to the other woman. For a moment Elena thought that he would snarl again, but instead, in a voice tight with self-control, he said, â€Å"Join your partner. You can’t move or speak without my permission.† He took the shaken-looking Mrs. Flowers to a chair on the left side of the foyer. â€Å"Did that – person – hurt you?† â€Å"No, no. Just get them out of my house, Stefan, dear, and I’l be most grateful,†Mrs. Flowers replied. â€Å"Done,†Stefan said softly. â€Å"I’m sorry we’ve caused you so much trouble – in your own home.†He looked at each of the sheriffs, his eyes piercing. â€Å"Go away and don’t come back. You have searched the house, but none of the people you were looking for were here. You think further surveil ance wil yield nothing. You believe that you would do more good by helping the – what was it? Oh, yes, the mayhem in the town of Fel ‘s Church. You wil never come here again. Now go back to your car and leave.† Elena felt the tiny hairs on the back of her neck stand up. She could feel the Power behind Stefan’s words. And, as always, it was satisfying to see cruel or angry people become docile under the power of a vampire’s Influence. These two stood for another ten seconds quite stil , and then they simply walked out the front door. Elena listened to the sound of the sheriff’s car driving away and such a strong feeling of relief washed over her that she almost col apsed. Stefan put his arms around her, and Elena hugged him back tightly, knowing that her heart was pounding. She could feel it in her chest and her fingertips. It’s all over. All done now, Stefan thought to her and Elena suddenly felt something different. She felt pride. Stefan had simply taken charge and chased the officers away. Thank you, she thought to Stefan. â€Å"I guess we’d better get Matt out of the root cel ar,†she added. Matt was unhappy. â€Å"Thanks for hiding me – but do you know how long that was?†he demanded of Elena when they were upstairs again. â€Å"And no light except what was in that little star bal . And no sound – I couldn’t hear a thing down there. And what is this?†He held out the long, heavy wooden staff, with its strangely shaped, spiked ends. Elena felt sudden panic. â€Å"You didn’t cut yourself, did you?†She snatched up Matt’s hands, letting the long staff fal to the ground. But Matt didn’t seem to have a single scratch. â€Å"I wasn’t dumb enough to hold it by the ends,†he said. â€Å"Meredith did, for some reason,†Elena said. â€Å"Her palms were covered with wounds. And I don’t even know what it is.† â€Å"I do,†Stefan said quietly. He picked up the stave. â€Å"But it’s Meredith’s secret real y. I mean it’s Meredith’s property,†he added hastily as al eyes fixed on him at the word secret. â€Å"Well, I’m not blind,†Matt said in his frank, straightforward way, flipping back some fair hair in order to look more closely at the thing. He raised blue eyes to Elena. â€Å"I know what it smells like, which is vervain. And I know what it looks like with al those silver and iron spikes coming out of the sharp ends. It looks like a giant staff for exterminating every kind of Godawful Hel acious monster that walks on this earth.† â€Å"And vampires, too,†Elena added hastily. She knew that Stefan was in a funny mood and she definitely didn’t want to see Matt, for whom she stil cared deeply, lying on the floor with a crushed skul . â€Å"And even humans – I think these bigger spikes are for injecting poison.† â€Å"Poison?†Matt looked at his own palms hastily. â€Å"You’re okay,†Elena said. â€Å"I checked you, and besides it would be a very quick-acting poison.† â€Å"Yes, they would want to take you out of the fight as fast as possible,†Stefan said. â€Å"So if you’re alive now, you’re likely to stay that way. And now, this Godawful Hel acious monster just wants to get back up to bed.†He turned to go to the attic. He must have heard Elena’s swift, involuntarily indrawn breath, because he turned around and she could see that he was sorry. His eyes were dark emerald, sad but blazing with unused Power. I think we’l have a late morning, Elena thought, feeling pleasurable thril s ripple through her. She squeezed Stefan’s hand, and felt him return the pressure. She could see what he had in mind; they were close enough and he was projecting pretty clearly what he wanted – and she was as eager to get upstairs as he was. But at that moment Matt, eyes on the wickedly spiked staff, said, â€Å"Meredith has something to do with that?† â€Å"I should never have said anything at al about it,†Stefan replied. â€Å"But if you want to know more, you’d real y better ask Meredith herself. Tomorrow.† â€Å"Al right,†Matt said, final y seeming to understand. Elena was way ahead of him. A weapon like that was – could only be – for kil ing al sorts of monsters walking the earth. And Meredith – Meredith who was as slim and athletic as a bal erina with a black belt, and oh! Those lessons! The lessons that Meredith had always put off if the girls were doing something at that exact moment, but that she always somehow managed to make time for. But a girl could hardly be expected to carry a harpsichord around with her and nobody else had one. Besides, Meredith had said she hated to play, so her BFFs had let it go at that. It was al part of the Meredith mystique. And riding lessons? Elena would bet some of them were genuine. Meredith would want to know how to make a quick escape mounting anything available. But if Meredith wasn’t practicing for a little light music in the drawing room, or for starring in a Hol ywood Western – then what would she have been doing? Training, Elena guessed. There were a lot of dojos out there, and if Meredith had been doing this since that vampire attacked her grandfather she must be pretty darn good. And when we’ve fought grisly things, whose eyes have ever been on her, a soft gray shadow that kept out of the limelight? A lot of monsters probably got knocked out but good. The only question that needed to be answered was why Meredith hadn’t shown them the Godawful Hel acious monster staker or used it in any fights – say against Klaus – until now. And Elena didn’t know, but she could ask Meredith herself. Tomorrow, when Meredith was up. But she trusted that it had some simple answer. Elena tried to stifle a yawn in a ladylike way. Stefan? she asked. Can you get us out of here – without picking me up – and to your room? â€Å"I think we’ve al had enough stress this morning,†Stefan said in his own gentle voice. â€Å"Mrs. Flowers, Meredith is in the first-floor bedroom – she’l probably sleep very late. Matt – â€Å" â€Å"I know, I know. I don’t know where the schedule went but I might as well make it my night.†Matt presented an arm to Stefan. Stefan looked surprised. Darling, you can never have too much blood, Elena thought to him, seriously and straightforwardly. â€Å"Mrs. Flowers and I wil be in the kitchen,†she said aloud. When they were there, Mrs. Flowers said, â€Å"Don’t forget to thank Stefan for defending the boardinghouse for me.† â€Å"He did it because it’s our home,†Elena said, and went back into the hal , where Stefan was thanking a flushing Matt. And then Mrs. Flowers cal ed Matt into the kitchen and Elena found herself swooped up in lithe, hard arms and then they were gaining altitude rapidly, with the wood staircase emitting little creaks and groans of protest. And final y they were in Stefan’s room and Elena was in Stefan’s arms. There was no better place to be, or anything else either of them real y wanted now, Elena thought and turned her face up as Stefan turned his down and they began with a long slow kiss. And then the kiss went molten, and Elena had to cling to Stefan, who was already holding her with arms that could have cracked granite, but only squeezed her exactly as tightly as she wanted them to. How to cite The Return: Midnight Chapter 12, Essay examples

Issues in International Business Cultural Analysis

Question: Discuss about theIssues in International Business for Cultural Analysis. Answer: Introduction In the border of East Asia, a most populated and highly growth country is located that is called China. It is one of the largest countries in the world where more than one million people are living. Traditions and customs culture of the countrys people vary geographically or ethnically. According to the society of Asia, around 56 group of ethnic minority are representing only in China in which the bigger group is the Han Chinese. There are some vital elements of culture of Chinese such as architecture, ceramics, music, literature, martial arts, philosophy, religion and much more. China is the oldest continuous civilization in the world. China is one of the best countries to do international business with others. It is also doing business with Singapore and maintaining best supply chain across the country. Some issues also happen while doing the business with Singapore. China also includes some cultural analysis to do the business accordingly. People like more the atmosphere and socia lism in China. There are more than 50 different nationalities are living in China in which the majority of the Han Chinese is around 94%. After 1970, China has involved as a member of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) as well as Asia Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA) (Chan Tong, 2014). Cultural Analysis and its Components of China It is necessary to know about the living culture of the country. Basically, in China, standard of living of people is considered as the culture of the society in the country. It indicates the feature of a common people in the society by their nature of living. Chinese culture is consistently different from other country which is the third larger country in the world. Intercultural communication is basically known as communication between people in a background of different culture analysis. The motive of the report is to give a proper framework in regards of an analysis of cultural communication in China (Klocke Machado, 2014). Traditions There are different types of cultural analysis in China in which traditional culture is one of them. Previously the business was running very slow in China. Over the last three decades, the growth of China was not so developed. However, in 1980, the majority of growth has increased consistently over the country because many students were graduated. Then many students were employed and the country is growing consistently. Previously, there was lack of latest tools and technology by which people had to face some critical situation and they were not meeting their daily requirement. Now the country is producing various products and now it becomes the best exporter country in the world (Sun, D'Alessandro Johnson, 2014). The development of China considered that there is equality among people, political, social and legal rights and Chinas construction protects these rights. Recently, anti-discrimination law is trying to prevent discrimination on the race ground, marital status, gender, hom osexuality, and physical disability. China has various factors of low wage rate including unemployment and poverty issues in China. The study discloses the Hofstede cultural analysis dimension to develop the organization in the culture of China (Becker, 2016). Economics Geert Hofstede has considered the sense of economic cultural analysis of China. China has an Eastern as well as Western cultural analysis which derived basically from East Asia. The country has to be maintained the cultural analysis and it must make production as per needs of people to run the business properly. Basically it has the target on high cost as well as less cost segmentation of market and makes measurement of suitable and more preferable goods in the Chinese market. Economically, the country is still facing some problems such as unemployment and low wage rate which causes bad effect of the country. The government is trying to solve this issue consistently for the well growth of the country (Warner, 2014). Society Social culture indicates the standard of living of people of the country the pattern changing of the buying consumers behavior, life style and attitude which becomes a key factor as consumers now becomes conscious of health. The country wants to be a most valuable analysis of culture. People and society internally a similar term because success of the country is totally depends on people of the society. If people do not maintain growth, it may lead the bad effect of the country. Social culture is more or less good in China because people are getting their daily requirements as well as it is providing goods and services to the other country across the world. The cultural analysis of China is improving consistently. There is a unity in social culture of China because people are living in a same standard. Though some people cannot get luxurious things, they are able to make their own satisfaction (Tong, 2014). Communicatios The country is having both verbal and written communication in the society. Though low wage rate is the basic problem of the country, the societys people are maintaining the communication skills across the country. The concept of internal communication describes the effect of employment in China. The country is involved more outside country for doing transaction of goods and services. Now China is the biggest exporter country in the world. The country must follow some communication skills to make sale with another country. The country also does business in face to face communication skill for making more profit from another country (Yeung, 2016). Physical Environments The country follows the culture of physical environment. As China is a highly populated country, the growth influences the challenge of natural environment. Physical environment includes macro environmental analysis which includes political, economical, social and technological culture of the country. Politically, the country has approval with the government of doing business with Singapore. This environment culture shows the good effect of the country with the help f good economic system of China. Chinese market is running by the societys people. If people do not buy the product, it cannot grow up consistently. Now the country is having some latest tools and technologies to produce more goods and make more profit across the region. Physical environment of the country is totally depends on people of the society because the countrys growth is in the hands of people. Now the countrys growth is globally spreading and doing business with Korea, Japan, Beijing, India and much more (Chan Tong, 2014). Culture of Business Between China and Singapore According to the business report 2011, Singapore is considered as the best business transaction country in the world. On the other hand, China is also the best business doing country after Singapore. The regulatory environment of China is less favorable for doing business in the country. Both countries are paying taxes continuously but the growth of Singapore is better than China. A company set up analysis between Singapore and China indicates the registration of Singapore Company takes only 2 to 3 business procedures day. On the other hand, China takes 2 to 3 months of time because of their difficult involvement procedures. Singapore is considered as the 4th rank according to the banking sector such as PWC, IFS and World Bank in the country While China is ranked on 114 possessions according to the banking sector. Singapore has 8 ranks in Forbes Magazine 2014 while China is on rank 97 in such report. The trade freedom of Singapore is on the top place in the world while China is on 10 7 ranks (Li, 2012). According to Forbes 2010, for best business country, Singapore is treated as rank 4th while China is on rank 85. Singapore has best IT protection system in the country. IT protection system has much improved in Singapore region while China faces some difficulties of low wage rate across the country. Singapore is treated as the second freest economy region in the world. The market in Singapore faces much competition because the production is high in the country. On the other hand, China is highly populated country but the growth is not more than Singapore. Singapore is growing consistently and the production process increases as well as margin of profit is also increasing every year. In china, the economic system has to improve and they must have to avoid the issue of unemployment and low wage rate issue. It has been found that the growth of China is not so far in comparison to the marketing growth of Singapore (Jondle, 2012). Cultural Dimensions of Hofstede Hofstede cultural dimensions analysis is considered as a cross-cultural dimension framework which describes the cultural effectiveness of the society on its value member. Geert Hofstede has made his model for examining the world-wide survey result of the employees value in Singapore as well as China. Hofstede has founded 6 analyses of cultural dimensions which are mentioned bellow (Taras, Steel Kirkman, 2012). Figure 1: Hofstede Culture Dimensions Source: (www.geert-hofstede.com/singapore) Power Distance Hofstede described that every individual is not same by their nature in Singapore as well as China because their standard of living is not equal in both countries. Culture attitude of both countries are expressed by this dimensional model. Distance of power is considered as the effort of some little powerful members of an organization in the country who have expectation of unequal distribution of power across the country. Singapore has much growth according to the dimensional culture of Hofstede. It scored 74, more than in comparison to China. This power is centralized by some rules and regulations (Hofstede, 2013). Individualism Hofstede has given efforts at some nature of distinctive of the Dutch people in this area. In this area, Singapore (20) and China did not reach at this area of dimension. Due to this score of Singapore, most of the people have expectation of caring only for themselves and their family. Singapore is a much growing country in comparison to China. For this, the model influences more economical growth in Singapore market. In This area, the dimension indicates the working performance individually in Singapore as well as China (Hofstede, 2016). Masculinity Masculinity is also considered as Femininity which is the third area of Hofstede culture dimension analysis. It makes a deal with individual achievement and cares for others. High scores represent masculine which gives effort on winning and competition. The cultural difference between Singapore and China has got in this area which shows that China is in need of more development while Singapore is already a well developed country. In this area, high score considered as Masculine and low score considered as Feminine. In this area of culture dimension, Singapore scored 48 while China make lower. It means that Singapore is in the Masculine side in this area of Hofstede dimension (Hofstede, 2016). Uncertainties Avoidance In such Hofstede area, Singapore has made higher levels (8) comparing China (less than 8). This area includes about the deals between uncertainty and society. High scores indicate the uncertainties removal by the regulations method and procedures in the society of both countries. People avoid many rules in Singapore because they are in little need of structure. However, PDI is high across the country. People of Singapore call their society as a Fine Country (Jeng Kuo, 2012). Long Term Orientation This is the second area of Hofstede cultural dimension analysis where Singapore again scored higher (72) in comparison to China (less than 72). Deals between society and some traditional approach come in this area of Hofstede in the country. It shows the cultural quality of both countries as long term investment like sustain effort, perseverance, slow result and much more (Jeng Kuo, 2012). Indulgence It is the concluded culture dimension of Hofstede where a challenge occurs that confronts power of humanity across the region. Children are getting proper education in China as well as Singapore. However, Singapore has much growth in comparison to China. This dimension removes the issue of this indulgence across the countries (Bhakta, Lee Kaye, 2016). Conclusion From the above discussion it has been recommended that China is doing business internationally with Singapore and making more profit across the region. It is generally doing the business of import and export with Singapore as well as other countries. Singapore and China both are very advanced country in the earth of Asia. However, some business cultural analysis is different of both countries. Singapore is much developed country as well as china is one of the highly populated well developed country. Some elements between Singapore and China are different because their production and standard of living are different. In coming days the growth of both countries much grow up if it follows the cultural dimensions of Hofstede in the country. Geert Hofstede has made his model for examining the world-wide survey result of the employees value in Singapore as well as China. Though Singapore is a well developed country, it is has a little need to develop the structure. However, both countries have best standard of living and satisfy the people needs in the society. Both countries are doing business internationally and the profit margin increasing every year as well as business relation is also maintained properly by both countries accordingly. If both countries follow the concept of Hofstede dimension properly, they can get much improvement in their business domestically as well as internationally. References Chan, K. B., Tong, C. K. (2014). Singaporean Chinese doing business in China. InChinese Business(pp. 119-129). Springer Singapore. Klocke, T., Machado, J. C. (2014).Branding as a reflection of culture-An analysis of brand consumption patterns in China(No. 01). Catlica Porto Business School, Universidade Catlica Portuguesa. Sun, G., D'Alessandro, S., Johnson, L. (2014). Traditional culture, political ideologies, materialism and luxury consumption in China.International Journal of Consumer Studies,38(6), 578-585. Ramos, S. J., Puccio, G. J. (2014). Cross-cultural studies of implicit theories of creativity: a comparative analysis between the China and the main ethnic groups in Singapore.Creativity Research Journal,26(2), 223-228. Chan, K. B., Tong, C. K. (2014). Singaporean Chinese doing business in China. InChinese Business(pp. 119-129). Springer Singapore. Slater, J., Strange, R. (Eds.). (2013).Business relationships with East Asia: the European experience. Routledge. Yeung, B. B. (2016). The major determinants of adapting the new unify communication technology of the large and medium enterprises in China and Sinapore-an emperical study. Warner, M. (Ed.). (2013).Managing across diverse cultures in East Asia: issues and challenges in a changing globalized world. Routledge. Warner, M. (2014).Culture and management in Asia. Routledge. Ardichvili, A., Jondle, D., Kowske, B., Cornachione, E., Li, J., Thakadipuram, T. (2012). Ethical cultures in large business organizations in Brazil, Russia, India, and China.Journal of Business Ethics,105(4), 415-428. Lee, S. T., Lin, J. (2016). An Integrated Approach to Public Diplomacy and Public Relations: A Five-Year Analysis of the Information Subsidies of China, and Singapore.International Journal of Strategic Communication, 1-17. Jeng, D. J. F., Kuo, S. F. W. (2012). Internal service quality within the different Chinese subcultures: a comparison between China, and Singapore.Service Business,6(4), 425-458. Taras, V., Steel, P., Kirkman, B. L. (2012). Improving national cultural indices using a longitudinal meta-analysis of Hofstede's dimensions.Journal of World Business,47(3), 329-341. Bhakta, V., Lee, A., Kaye, W., Blanchard, C., Trivedi, H., Galceran, A., Steinberg, H. (2016, January). SSupply Chain Management: Customer Service Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions In China, Japan, Singapore. InAllied Academies International Conference. Academy of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues. Proceedings(Vol. 20, No. 1, p. 1). Jordan Whitney Enterprises, Inc. Hofstede, G. (2013). Hierarchical power distance in forty countries.Organizations Alike and Unlike, ed. CJ Lammers and DJ Hickson (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1979), 97-119. Hofstede, G. (2016). Masculinity at the national cultural level.

Understanding Management and Leadership

The Concept of Organizational Structure Leadership and management are terms used interchangeably in business and other corporate sectors. A leader concentrates on motivation of a group to accomplish common task. Leadership dwells more on social influence while management focuses on the use of people irrespective of self motivation and drive.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Understanding Management and Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Vision and power forms the main difference that defines the two concepts. Leaders have visions and generate power from their subjects while managers may not have visios, instead, concentrates on power generated from positions (Saxena Awasthi, 2010, p.13). There is need for a good leader to strive and accommodate change by appreciating dynamic fluctuations in addition to motivation. He or she inspires and influences followers into the right destination while managers center their interest on maintaining status quo within a paradigm system (Saxena Awasthi, 2010, p.13). The two concepts of leadership and management are meant to complement each other for desirable results within an organization. It is therefore, possible to incorporate the two for achievement of goals and accomplishing tasks. One major cause for dispute is the diversity of concepts to embrace change, which may be reluctantly accepted by a manager at the expense of workers. Attaining great standards in leadership undermines growth of managers due to the diverse nature of interests (Harry Levinson, 1989, p. 65). An example of interaction between these concepts is demonstrated by Mike Merwin who is a supervisor at FLEXcom Company. He talks of distributing time in achieving both management and leadership practices. Management takes 30% while the rest goes to leadership (Thornton, 2003, p.3). Stephen Robbins together with Tim Judge suggests that efficient leaders should take into accou nt three basic roles for efficient delivery. One of the roles is conveyance of information (Robbins and Judge 2011). This involves reception, processing and dissemination of information across all sectors of a firm.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Internal and external systems are linked together via communication channels through an efficient network system for completion of goals and tasks (Robbins and Judge 2011). Interpersonal role qualifies the process to be efficient. The other role involves decision making. At this point, the entrepreneur makes a decision to take risk, handle disputes and act as a link between the business and external factors. A manager acts as centre of power representing interests of an organization. He or she is the flag bearer, leader and a pillar of motivation to the rest of the workforce. Self image and personal conduct of a manager is par amount in the perfection of the roles played when carrying out duties (Robbins Judge, 2011). The roles that are played by good management are vital for proper functioning of an organization. An example of a personality with good leadership is the former South African icon, Nelson Mandela who set an outstanding example in the fight against apartheid rule while in prison. He went ahead to defend integrity and endorsed peaceful coexistence instead of revenge against the former oppressors. This is a classic demonstration of good application of management roles to achieve a common targeted goal. The problem faced by middle level managers in terms of misplaced guidelines on job orientation according to Antonioni is, lack of management basics. This can be avoided by rationalizing the process of management that has fundamentals of good leadership incorporated. Valuation and change of roles to accommodate diversified opinions that are typical of leadership is important for well grooming of good managers other that those who find themselves ending up as managers by chance (Antonioni, 2000. P. 28). Tackling uncertainty by risk assessment is an important aspect of dealing with the stalemate scenario in a business process (Antonioni, 2000, p. 29). This is otherwise called â€Å"fear of unknown† which affects management and business administrative strategies because of eradication of risk-taking aspects of a business venture, a process that derails the entire entrepreneurial move (Antonioni, 2000, p. 29). References Antonioni, D. (2000, September/October). Leading, managing, and coaching. Industrial Management, 42(5), 27: Southern Management Association.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Understanding Management and Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Levinson, H. (1989). Designing and Managing Your Career, Boston, Harvard Business School Publishing Division. Robbins, S. P. Judge,T.A . (2011). Essentials of Organizational Behavior with Self Assessment Library 3.4 Canada: Pearson College Division Publishers. Saxena Sanjay Awasthi Purnima, (2010). Leadership, M-97, Connaught Circus, New Delhi: PHI Learning Private Ltd. Thornton P. B. (2003). Triangles of Management and Leadership, United States of America, Coral Springs, FL. 33077-2246: Llumina Press. This assessment on Understanding Management and Leadership was written and submitted by user Ezra Burch to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Term Papers Editing

Term Papers Editing Term Papers Editing Term Papers EditingDear students, now we write from the side of your instructors. They complain that you submit your term papers, do not make proofreading and editing. They say that to submit a term paper without term paper editing means failure to get a good grade.They cannot understand how you can submit papers without additional look at their structure, mistakes in language and format. If you want to get their respect and a good grade, you should look at their tips on term paper editing at least. Here we present tips from our experts of writing:Why Do We Perform Term Paper Editing?Taking into account the high percent of students, who order term paper editing at us after they have received their assignments from other writing services, (and this percent makes up 50%) we considered this and started performing some useful services, such as:Checking. We may check your paper for mistakes presences and remove them from your paper.Research making. If you need to conduct a research, you are welcome to use our term paper editing.Additional writing. Let us imagine that you have not managed to write the introduction or conclusion. We may do it instead of you.Additional information inserting. If you need more citations, examples or other additional information, we may find it for you and insert into your paper without text changing.Please, Pay Attention To The Popular Sections Of Our Site:Term Paper Editing General Mistakes Punctuation. This mistake is one of the most serious and common. Students do not want to check their term papers. Thus, they do not notice mistakes in punctuation. In addition, they want to add some inappropriate words and word-combinations, overloading their text.Subject-verb. The agreement of them should be right, especially, if there are some adverbs between them.Use of nouns. Sometimes collective and possessive nouns have their own usage, about what students forget.Wrong format of citations. It is a sore subject, because students do n ot pay attention to the style they write in.Redundancy of information. There may be many sentences, which are not in a logical order. In the same way, some words are also odd.Lack of prepositional phrases. Students do not see a need to use them or use some clichs.Term Paper Editing TipsDo not submit paper without checking it. Double read it or give to another person to read.As you have written your term paper, check up the structure (introduction, body part and conclusion), transitional words and sentences, etc.Use citations in the right format.Format of your paper is important aspect. Check it for yourself.Follow the format of the outline, as it may be of two types.If you want, we may write a new assignment for you. Sometimes, it is faster and cheaper than to edit a term paper due to a great number of mistakes there. Your Choice, Your Money, Your Time! Contact us and receive an excellent professional assistance!

Relationship between Serving Space and Structural Elements in Louis Essay

Relationship between Serving Space and Structural Elements in Louis Kahns Laboratories and Museum - Essay Example Inspired by the outstanding architectural skills of Louis Kahn, Jonas Salk offered him to design the facility. Jonas Salk wanted this Institute to be constructed in a distinctive manner. Louis Kahn was hired to provide unobstructed and voluminous spaces inside the laboratory so that they could be adapted to the readily modifying scientific needs. The building materials were supposed to be durable, simple, strong, and free of maintenance to the maximum extent. Kahn created two mirror-image structures aside a large courtyard. The height of each building is six stories, with the three floors at the base being used as laboratories, whereas the top three floors meant to provide the users with access to the utilities. There are distinct towers that protrude into the courtyard and provide the users with space to conduct individual professorial studies. Separate ventilation, heating, and support systems have been installed in the towers located at the buildings’ eastern ends. Six floo rs at the western end of the buildings overlook the ocean. In total, the Institute has been formed by the linkage of 29 distinct structures. The impact of outstanding architecture of Louis Kahn can be assessed from the courtyard. Things that need to be taken into consideration include the creative use of space and the level of emphasis Kahn has placed upon the utilization of the natural light. To entertain the vision of Jonas Salk that the environment inside the Institute should be suitable for the conduction of scientific research, Louis Kahn allowed maximal in-pour of the natural light. Each of the four external walls of the laboratory at all levels have been constructed from large panes of...Louis Kahn’s architecture has maximized the usability of the structures in that the serving spaces are intrinsically related with the structural elements. Ranging from the series of light wells installed in the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, to the open ceiling of the entry por ch in the Richards Medical Research Laboratories, and the use of narrow pexiglass skylights in the Kimbell Art Museum, everything has been chosen and installed purposefully to maximize the usability, and aesthetic appeal for the public. Louis Kahn has taken the use of machines and tools to the apogee of architectonics, thus designing structures as composite of components that worked in mutual harmony. Not a single design proposed by Louis Kahn understates his expertise in making the best use of materials. An in-depth study and analysis of the architectural work of Louis Kahn suggests that he was ahead of his time, which is one reason why his work has a great influence on the contemporary architecture.

LAND LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

LAND LAW - Essay Example The Law Commission in its Report No. 271 which gave way to the 2002 Act stated that the aim of the 2002 Act was to create a conveyancing climate in which: â€Å"...the register should be a complete and accurate reflection of the state of the title of the land at any given time, so that it is possible to investigate title to land on-line, with the absolute minimum of additional enquiries and inspections.†3 Section 70(1) of the Land Registration Act 1925 contained what can be described as a comprehensive list of property rights that could possible bind a bona fide purchaser. The greatest difficulty for a potential purchaser under the Land Registration Act 1925 was that although an overriding interest was not registered, it could bind the purchaser if the interest could be discovered by a reasonable investigation of title and inspection of the property. The list of these overriding interests under the Land Registration Act 1925 can be summarised as follows: 3- The rights of persons in actual occupation of the land in question or the rights of persons entitled to the receipt of profits and/or rents in respect of the land except where reasonable inquiries are made and the right of these persons are not discovered. 4- ‘Leases granted for a term not exceeding 21 years.’4 The Land Registration Act 2002 narrowed the list of these overriding interest as contained under Section 70(1)(g) of the Land Registration Act 1924 and goes on to function in such a way as to encourage the voluntary registration of these rights.. The revised list of overriding interests under the Land Registration Act contains a proviso that the rights are overriding upon first registration and by doing so expanded the list of those interest that are capable of registration. The new list of overriding interest include leases that terminate at the expiration of a seven

Environmental Noise Management Plan

Environmental Noise Management Plan Environmental Noise Management Plan for a proposed Outdoor Music Event University of Derby Online Learning, University of Derby, UK Iwona Typek- Ryszka 100381110 This Noise Management Plan has been completed to regulate the potential noise issue during proposed three days outdoor music event. The objective of this plan is to provide control measures to prevent noise impact on the local residents during the event and to ensure that balance is achieved between providing good entertainment and controlling potential adverse effect of noise pollution. (Legislation.gov.uk, 1996) 2.1. Site details The outdoor music festival is intended to operate over a 3-day weekend period and it will be held at the Hainault Forest Country Park, Romford Rd, Chigwell, London IG7 4QL. Live music is proposed to be performed from the main stage and the secondary stage. There also will be two Dub music marquees. 2.2. Operational hours The following operational hours are understood to be representative for main and acoustic stages over the entire duration of the festival: Main and secondary stages will play live music on: Friday, Saturday and Sunday from 12:00 to 23:00. The two marquee tents will play dub music on: Friday and Saturday from 12.00hrs to 02.00hrs Sunday from 12.00hrs to 24.00hrs. 2.3. Additional venues Additional venues will be available for guests: Adjacent camping area capable of holding up to 200 tents Onsite bar and refreshments area Car park area capable of holding up to 500 cars 3.1. The maximum Music Noise Level for main and secondary stages with live music The usual noise level for outdoor festival has been described as energy averaging (LAeq,T) 98 decibels (dB) measured at the concert mixer position about 40m from the main loudspeaker and at a height of 10m to 15m in the audience area (Colthurst and Fisher, 2011). Organisers will set the maximum noise level to (LAeq,T) 95 decibels (dB) to allow margin for error. This must not be exceed over 15-minute period during the entire event (Sound Solution Consultants Ltd, 2010). Maximum Noise Level set in The Code of Practice are shown in table 3.1.1. This guidance is set for events which finish before 23:00h. For events carry on beyond 23:00h, guidance recommendation is that the music noise should not be audible within noise-sensitive premises with windows open in a typical manner for ventilation (Noise Council, 1995 p.7). Reggae festival will more likely fit into category other urban or rural venues so a 15 minute Leq of 65 dB(A) is the guideline limit. Concert Days/Calendar Year/Venue Venue Category Guideline 1 to 3 Urban Stadia or Arenas The MNL should not exceed 75 dB(A) over a 15 minute period 1 to 3 Other Urban and Rural Venues The MNL should not exceed 65 dB(A) over a 15 minute period 4 to 12 All Venues The MNL should not exceed the background noise level by more than 15 dB(A) over a 15 minute period *dB(A) the A-weighted sound pressure level weighted to reflect the way the human ear responds to different frequencies (Noise Council, 1995). Table 1. The maximum Music Noise Level (MNL) where the MNL is expressed as a Leq (Adapted from the Noise Council, 1995 p.6). 3.2. The maximum Music Noise Level for the noise sensitive areas The World Health Organisations (WHO) Guidelines for Community Noise document says that for outdoor living area noise levels of 55 dB LAeq cause serious annoyance during daytime and evening. The noise levels of 45dB LAeq (measured from outside) cause sleep disturbance to residence. The Guidelines recommends an internal LAeq of 30dB for optimal sleep conditions (and no more than 35dB for internal rooms during daytime). Organisers will set maximum noise level to 45dB LAeq (measured from outside) for operational hours of 12:00- 23:00 and 30dB LAeq (measured from outside) for event which carry on beyond 23:00. 4.1. Characteristic of reggae music The drums and bass guitar play significant role in reggae music and attention is drawn to low frequencies (En.wikipedia.org, 2017). This type of noise will travel substantially further, and it can easily pass through the barriers and structures. (Colthurst and Fisher, 2011). 4.2. Local Geography and Topography Hainault Forest Country Park is large park located in Greater London, which combines woodland and open space. This is a rural area and is relatively flat (Redbridge.gov.uk, 2017).The festival is planned on the open field which allows sound to travel without interference (Everest and Pohlmann, 2009). 4.3. Noise sensitive areas The closest noise sensitive receptors to the proposed festival site are summarised below: Receptor 1 Properties located at Lambourne End, approximately 1.33 km to the north of the proposed festival venue. Receptor 2 Properties located at Chingwell Row, approximately 1.45km to the west of the proposed festival venue. Receptor 3 Newly built housing development located behind a golf club, approximately 1.3 km to the south of the proposed festival venue. Receptor 4 Houses located alongside Romford Rd. approximately 1.3km to the south-west of the proposed festival venue. Picture 1. Location of noise sensitive areas 4.4. Noise Sources Main noise sources for the reggae festival have been identified as follow: Amplified music (recorded and live) Sound systems Sound checks Car parking and camping and bar area Departing patron noise The build and break down 4.5. Noise controls put before the event 4.5.1. Background Noise Survey The background noise, also known as ambient noise is defined as unwanted or harmful outdoor sound created by human activities, including noise emitted by means of transport road traffic, rail traffic, air traffic and from sites of industrial activity (The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, 2002). There is no doubt that large music events may cause disturbance to local neighbourhood due to high powered amplification involved. Therefore there is a need to complete a background noise survey before the event, to predict noise emission levels, and to ensure the health and welfare of those who live nearby is maintained (Noise Council, 1995). Background noise survey will be undertaken end of April 2017 to determine background noise level at the mixer location and in the noise sensitive areas. Weather will be taken into account, as wind speed and direction or temperature may influence the transmission of sound. (Colthurst and Fisher, 2011). 4.5.2. Acoustic consultant Fully qualified and registered acoustic consultant will be employed by festival organisers to help with event planning, to complete noise survey and monitor noise levels throughout the event. (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.16) 4.5.3. Communication arrangements The communication network between the team members involved in noise monitoring will be established via handheld radios (Noise Council, 1995 p. 11). There will be hot line step up where local residents could use to complain about noise level. The hotline will be open for whole duration of the event. All complaints will be logged, investigated and remedial action will be taken. Log will be kept to demonstrate compliance (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.17) 4.5.4. Public relations 3 months before the event, first briefing note will be delivered to the noise sensitive premises, informing neighbours that the concerts will take place and advising them about the precautions taken to minimise noise impact. The second note will be delivered to the residents no later than 2 weeks before the event. This note will remind them about the festival, asking for their tolerance and providing a telephone number for the noise complaint hot-line where someone responsible can be contacted in case of any problems. (Noise From Open Air Events Guidance for Applicants, 2014, p. 10) 4.5.5. Sound preparation tests and set ups Sound propagation tests will be carried out at the day of the event to ensure that sound levels are correct and meet the targets. (Noise From Open Air Events Guidance for Applicants, 2014, p. 10) The weather condition on the days of the event also will be taken to consideration and level of noise will be correctly adjusted to meet specified criteria. To avoid unnecessary disturbances to the local residents, sound propagation tests will be carried out no earlier than at 10am. (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.12) 4.5.6. Sound system Circuit speakers system will be adopted for the main event stage. This system will help minimise noise level by positioning several low powered speakers around the audience. The system will be used instead of two large banks of speakers on either side of the stage. (Noise From Open Air Events Guidance for Applicants, 2014, p. 8) Loudspeakers will be positioned away from the noise sensitive areas properties in Chigwell Row and development near Romford Rd (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.13). Loudspeakers will be directed onto the area where audience will be, to avoid over-spill into the surrounding area (Soundadvice.info, 2017). The roof will be placed on the main and secondary stages to help to decrease the noise exposure outside the stage (Asselineaut et al., 2010). There will be no speakers positioned outside of two Dub Shacks and speakers located inside the tents will be positioned downwards, away from any doors. Several small speakers will installed to ensure an even distribution of sound (Sound Licensing Limited, 2015). Sound engineer will be strictly responsible for controlling the low frequency level of the music (bass) as its causes the most nuisance to local residents (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.12). 4.5.7. Rules for car park, comping area, bar and refreshment area The car park and the camping areas will be strictly monitored during and after licensable hours to avoid any unnecessary noise e.g. recorded and live music. Use of Portable PA systems and car stereos will be strictly prohibited in the car park and camping site. Patrons will be informed about this rule before entry to the site and on entrance to the site. This will be communicated via clear signage and through Terms and Conditions of use of both car park and camp site. If there will be a breach of this condition, the equipment will be confiscated and if there will be repeatable offence, the offenders will be removed from the site. The active patrols will be taking place during and after licensable hours and logbook will be kept to demonstrate compliance (One Love Management, 2015, p16, p.28). Bar and refreshment area will be monitored by Designated Premises supervisor. Bar will be closed at 22.30pm to ensure party will not carry on after licensable hours of event (One Love Management, 2015, p.12). 4.5.8. Traffic Management Road traffic noise is one of the main sources affecting sleep and causing annoyance (Ohrstrom et al., 2006). There is only one road leading from the festival venue to the main road. This road will serve as an access to the venue. To keep traffic to minimum organiser will encourage guests to use alternative methods of transports e.g. trains, buses or car share. There will be dedicated traffic management team in place to ensure that parking is done efficiently and without unnecessary disturbance to local residents (One Love Management, 2015, p.16). The unnecessary use of horns and use of heavy vehicles at night time will be also forbidden (WHO, 1999). 5.1. Monitoring noise level Monitoring of noise levels will be in place during licensable hours, and sound checks will be completed daily for the duration of the event. Those measurements will be completed at following locations: mixer position, stage, Dab Shacks and noise sensitive locations (Lets Rock London, 2015). Fixed sound level monitoring device will be used at the mixer position (Lets Rock London, 2015) and sound limiter device will be installed inside Dub Shacks to ensure that agreed limits are not exceeded (Sound Licensing Limited, 2015). The mobile sound level monitoring device will be used to measure sound level for each of new act performs on the stage. The remote sound level monitoring device will be set up at least one of the Noise Sensitive Locations and this device will be configured to record the sound levels for the duration of the event. There will be system put in place to alert the responsible person if any levels are exceeded. (Lets Rock London, 2015) 5.2. After the event All the results of the noise monitoring completed during the event will be kept and send to the Local Authority after the event, along with any complaints received, with documented corrective actions taken (Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events, 2012, p.17). The aim of the noise management plan is to address all noise related challenges and ensure that there is balance maintained between the needs of the event organisers and the local residents. The actions have been taken to reduce and manage the noise impact on the surrounding area and to ensure great entertainment for patrons. Asselineau, M., and Serra, M (2010) Music and outdoors: are they meant to work together?. Proceedings of 20th International Congress on Acoustics, ICA. Sydney; pp.1-7. Code of Practice and Guidance Notes on Noise Control for Concerts and Outdoor Events. (2012). Bath, p.12-17 Colthurst, A., and Fisher, S (2011) Noise and Vibration. Cited in: Battersby, S. Clays Handbook of Environmental Health. 20th Edition. Spon Press. London and New York. Ebook. En.wikipedia.org. (2017). Reggae. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggae [Accessed 12 Mar. 2017]. Everset, F. A., and Pohlmann, K. C (2009) Master Handbook of Acoustics. 5th Edition. Mc Grow Hill. London. Ebook. Legislation.gov.uk. (1996). Noise Act 1996. [online] Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/37/crossheading/summary-procedure-for-dealing-with-noise-at-night [Accessed 12 Mar. 2017]. Lets Rock London. (2015). Lets Rock London 2016 Noise Management Plan. Noise from Open Air Events Guidance for Applicants. (2014). Portsmouth: Portsmouth City Council, p.8-10 Ohrstrom, E., Skanberd, A., Sevensson, H., and Gidlof-Gunnarsson, A (2006) Effect of road traffic noise and the benefit of access to quietness. Journal of Sound and Vibration 295(1/2); pp. 40-59. One Love Management, (2015). One Love Festival Appendix 2. EVENT SAFETY MANAGEMENT PLAN. Basingstoke: Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council, pp.12- 28. Redbridge.gov.uk. (2017). Redbridge Hainault Forest Country Park. [online] Available at: https://www.redbridge.gov.uk/leisure-sport-and-the-arts/parks/hainault-forest-country-park/ [Accessed 12 Mar. 2017]. Sound Solution Consultants Ltd, (2010). The Black Horse Festival Noise Impact Assessment TECHNICAL REPORT. Rother: Rother District Council. The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union (2002) Directive 2002/49/EC relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise. Official Journal of the European Communities. L 189; pp. 12-25. The Noise Council (1995) Code of Practice on Environmental Noise Control at Concerts, London, The Noise Council. World Health Organisation (1999) Guidelines for Community, Geneva. Sound Licensing Limited, (2015). NOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT 3 CROYDON LANE SM7 3AS.

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Twenty-One

â€Å"What's taking so long?† Bonnie asked, bouncing on the bal s of her feet. â€Å"Stop being so hyper,† Meredith said absently, craning her neck to see over the crowd outside McAl ister. There was some kind of bottleneck by the entrance to the dorm that was slowing everyone down. She shivered in her thin top; it was starting to get cold at night. â€Å"Security's at the door,† Bonnie said as they got closer to the entrance. â€Å"Are they carding people to get in?† Her voice was shril with outrage. â€Å"They're just checking that you have a student ID,† someone in the crowd told her, â€Å"to make sure you're not a crazed kil er from off campus.† â€Å"Yeah,† his friend said. â€Å"Only on-campus kil ers al owed.† A couple of people laughed nervously. Bonnie fel silent, biting her lip, and Meredith shivered again, this time for reasons that had nothing to do with the cold. When they final y got to the front of the line, the security guards glanced quickly at their IDs and waved them through. Inside, it was crowded and music was pumping, but no one real y seemed to be in a partying mood. People stood in smal groups, talking in undertones and glancing around nervously. The presence of the security guards had reminded everyone of the danger lurking unseen on campus. Anyone could be responsible, even someone in the room at that very moment. As she thought about that, Meredith's view of the room shifted, the other students around her changing from innocent to sinister. That curly-headed frat boy in the corner – was he eyeing his pretty companion with something more than simple lust? The faces of strangers twisted viciously, and Meredith took a deep breath, calming herself until everyone looked normal again. Samantha was coming toward her, a red plastic cup in her hand. â€Å"Here,† she said, handing Meredith a soda. â€Å"Everyone's on edge tonight, it's creepy. We'd better stay alert and not drink,† she said, already on the same wavelength as Meredith. Bonnie squeezed Meredith's arm in fareWelland took off into the crowd to look for Zander. Meredith sipped her drink and warily eyed the strangers surrounding her. Despite the general malaise hanging over the party, some people were so wrapped up in each other that they were managing to have a good time anyway. She watched a couple kiss, as ful y focused on each other as if there was no one else in the world who mattered. They weren't worrying about the attacks and disappearances on campus, and Meredith found herself feeling a sharp pang of envy. She missed Alaric, missed him with a bone-deep longing that stayed with her, even when she wasn't consciously thinking about him. â€Å"The kil er could be right here at this party,† Samantha said unhappily. â€Å"Shouldn't we be able to sense something? How can we protect anyone if we don't know who we're up against?† â€Å"I know,† said Meredith. The crowd parted, and she saw a face she hadn't expected: Stefan, leaning against the far wal . His eyes lit up when he saw her, and he glanced past her with a hopeful half smile already forming on his lips. Poor guy. No matter what Meredith thought about Elena's decision to take a break – and, for the record, Meredith thought that Elena was doing the right thing; her entanglement with both Salvatore brothers meant that they had al been heading for trouble – she couldn't help pitying him. Stefan had the look of someone who was experiencing the same sharp pang of loneliness and desire as Meredith did when she thought of Alaric. It must be worse for him, because Elena was so close and because she chose to separate herself from him against his wishes. â€Å"Excuse me for a second,† she said to Samantha, and went to Stefan. He greeted her politely and asked about her classes and her hunter training, although she could tel that he was burning to talk about Elena. He had such good manners, always. â€Å"She's not here yet, but she's definitely coming,† she told him, interrupting one of his pleasantries. â€Å"She had something to do first.† His face bloomed into a smile of grateful relief, and then he frowned. â€Å"Elena's coming here alone?† he asked. â€Å"After al the attacks?† â€Å"No,† Meredith reassured him. She hadn't thought of this, and she didn't think she should tel him Elena was with Damon. â€Å"She's with other people,† she settled for saying and was glad that her answer seemed to satisfy him. Meredith sipped her drink and hoped grimly that Elena had the sense not to bring Damon to the party. Matt spotted Chloe from across the room. Tonight was the night, he decided. Enough playing around, enough exchanging glances and gentle, platonic hugs and hand squeezes. He wanted to know if she felt the same way he did, if she felt like maybe there was something between them worth exploring. She was talking to someone, a guy he recognized from Vitale, and her curly brown hair shone softly in the light from overhead. There was so much life in Chloe: the way she laughed, the way she listened to what the guy was saying, attentive and involved, her face focused. Matt wanted to kiss her, more than anything. So he started working his way across the room toward her, nodding at people he knew as he passed them. He didn't want to look too uncool and eager, not like he was making a beeline for her, but he didn't want to stop and lose her in the crowd, either. Matt. Matt jerked as if he'd been stung as the silent greeting hit him. Twisting around to see where it was coming from, he found Stefan standing right behind him and frowned irritably at him. He hated when Stefan got into his head like that. â€Å"You could have just said hi,† he told Stefan, as mildly as he could. â€Å"You know, out loud.† Stefan ducked his head apologetical y, his cheeks flushing. â€Å"I'm sorry,† he said. â€Å"That was rude of me, but I just wanted to get your attention. It's so loud in here.† He gestured around, and Matt wondered, as he sometimes had before, how the life of a modern teenager seemed to the vampire. Stefan had experienced more than Matt probably ever would, but the loud rock music and the press of bodies al around him seemed to make him uncomfortable, showing the cracks in his disguise as someone young. He tried hard, for Elena's sake, Matt knew. â€Å"I'm waiting for Elena,† Stefan said. â€Å"Have you seen her?† The lines of his face were anxious, and, just like that, Matt's picture of Stefan as someone too old, too out of place here, snapped. Stefan looked achingly young, lonely and worried. â€Å"Yeah,† Matt said. â€Å"I just saw her at the library. She said she was coming here later.† He bit his tongue to keep from adding that he'd seen her there with Damon, of al people. Matt wasn't quite sure what was going on between Elena and the brothers, but he figured Stefan didn't need to know that Elena and Damon were together. â€Å"I'm supposed to be staying away from her,† Stefan confided sadly. â€Å"She feels like she's coming between Damon and me, and she wants some time for us al to work things out before the two of us can be together again.† He glanced up at Matt, almost beseechingly. â€Å"But I thought since there are so many people here, it isn't like we'd be alone.† Matt took a swal ow of his beer, his mind working furiously. Now he knew he'd been right not to mention that Damon and Elena had been together. What game was Elena playing now? It was a shock, too, to realize how far out of the loop he'd gotten. When did al this happen? Since Christopher's death, he'd been avoiding his friends, spending so much time focused on the Vitale Society that he missed this big development in their lives. What else was he missing? Stefan was stil looking at him as if he was seeking some kind of approval, and Matt rubbed the back of his neck thoughtful y, then offered, â€Å"You should talk to her. Let her know how unhappy you are without her. Love is worth taking the chance.† As Stefan nodded, considering, Matt's eyes sought out Chloe in the crowd again. The guy she'd been talking to was gone, and she was alone for the moment, biting her lip as she looked around the room. Matt was about to excuse himself and head toward her when another voice spoke in his ear. â€Å"Hi, Matt, how's it going?† Ethan came up beside him, his golden brown eyes focused on Matt's. Matt felt himself straightening up and pul ing back his shoulders, trying to look loyal and honorable, a promising candidate, everything the Vitale wanted him to be. Matt saw this reaction to Ethan in the other pledges as Well: whatever Ethan wanted them to be or do, they wanted, too. Some people were just natural leaders, he guessed. They chatted for a minute, not about the Vitale Society, of course, not in front of Stefan, but simple friendly stuff about footbal and classes and the music that was playing, and then Ethan turned the warmth of his smile on Stefan. â€Å"Oh, uh, Ethan Crane, Stefan Salvatore,† Matt introduced them, adding, â€Å"Stefan and I went to high school together.† Stefan and Ethan started making conversation, and Matt looked for Chloe again. She wasn't in the last place he had seen her, and he started to panic, until he found her again in the crowd, moving to the music. â€Å"I can't help noticing just a slight accent, Stefan,† Ethan was saying. â€Å"Are you from Italy original y?† Stefan smiled shyly. â€Å"Most people don't hear it anymore,† he said. â€Å"My brother and I, we left Italy a long time ago.† â€Å"Oh, does your brother go here, too?† Ethan asked, and Matt decided the two of them seemed happy enough together and that it was okay for him to leave now. â€Å"I'l catch up with you guys later,† he said. Taking another swal ow of beer, Matt strode through the crowd, straight toward Chloe. Her eyes were shining, her dimples were showing, and he knew the time was right. Like he had told Stefan, love was worth taking the chance.

Focault- Discipline and Punish

Table of Contents Introduction2 Brief Overview2 Main arguments of discipline and Punish4 †¢Power4 †¢Prisons as part of civilisation4 †¢Punishment5 †¢The Body and Soul5 Evaluation of Discipline and Punish6 Conclusion7 ? Introduction: M. Foucault. 1975. Discipline and Punish: The birth of the prison. New York: Random House Inc. Below is an in depth book review of Discipline and Punish, The Birth of the Prison. The author who compiled the analysis on this is Michel Foucault, whom provided enlightenment on many different aspects of sociology and philosophy- many which are still immensely relevant to societies today.I will be using this book review to channel an outline of Foucault’s work, viewpoints and purposes as such. Along with this I will include my personal critique of my literary experience of the book. I will consider important factors of logic, coherence, evidence, expertise and originality. These specified fields are all crucial to useful and meaningf ul sociological theories. In brief, my aim is to clarify the argument presented by Foucault and provide my account of its validity. Brief Overview:Michel Foucault’s, Discipline and Punish, provides the reader of the historical timeline which ends at the institution of imprisonment that most modern societies have adopted today. The just of his intentions for the book are presented in the first section. Much of this includes his aim which is to trace the penal system back to its roots in order to define and identify its significance in the present. These roots begin in the seventeenth century. Here public torture and execution prevailed as the form of punishment.As aspects of society changed, especially power structures, so did this system of punishment- much like in an evolutionary manner. At this point it is probably important to highlight that a better alternative to the concept of the penal timeline, is rather a cycle- thus making visible the state it was in at birth and pl otting its journey to maturity. The model of the prison is not yet a comprehendible result or solution in the beginning sections. Punishments were rather inhumane and gruesome methods of torture and execution which were â€Å"public spectacles†. The point of this was the solidification of the power figures amongst their people.This notion of power stirred amongst people who were ultimately discontent with the inefficiency of these structures. Whilst attempting to resolve this, a â€Å"reform† was created. Sadly, the preoccupation of the reform blinded people to the inhumanity, suffering and pain being brought upon these so-called criminals. Following this we see the transition to private and secret forms of punishment which was cut-off from public visibility. Coercive practices resulted in submissive criminals, with credit given to new techniques established by adapting and altering out-dated methods.The separation and the shift of focus from the body to the soul were early defining factors of the modern system. These also form an immensely important theme that is recurrent throughout the book. Foucault’s theoretical cycle of the penal system then moves on to preparation of criminals for their lives after incarceration and attempts to reintroduce these people back into society as respectable civilians. Considering noted critiques on this section, it remains unclear as to whether this was successful at its time of occurrence.An issue arising along with this stage is that of judgement- who is qualified to pass judgement and what standards are used for comparison? Finally, in the closing sections of the book we reach the heart of the book where we see the introduction of the first prison- highly influenced by the panoptic, and the penultimate stage which Foucault dates February 22, 1840. This date marks the success of the first carceral system which â€Å"perfected† the failures and short-comings of all the previous phases. Currently t his institution has embedded itself in society and is the back-bone of order, laws and norms.The fact that at the moment there is no better alternatives to this, offers the assumption that the modern penal system has succeeded or human sciences are still advancing in order to further evolve current organisation- hence my prior labelling of this phase the â€Å"penultimate†. I feel that the purpose of the book is to inform the reader on a long list of various facets relating to sociology. These include the carceral system, the classical period, discipline, norms, power and penalty- to mention only a few. These all have significant importance in human sciences.My reaction or evaluation will conclude that Foucault has cleverly addressed establishments in sociology whilst using the penal system as a commonality to provide a practical sample- which in turn favours the readers understanding of sociology in general. The audience for this theoretical work is most likely to target sch olars of human sciences and philosophy. It may also spark interests of inquiries into the classical period given its historical flair. Main arguments of Discipline and Punish: Power: Foucault uses power as a central point of reference for punishing.All or most aspects of the book revolve around this, or come back to it at a point. According to him, as power structures change, so does the penal system. It adapts to requirements. In the section of the book titled â€Å"Body of the condemned†, we see how torture and punishment was used to reinforce the power of the sovereign. Knowledge is also important to power, because it is seen as the support for power. Those with greater knowledge, tend to yield or accumulate greater power. â€Å"Power produces knowledge . . . power and knowledge directly imply one another . . . here is no power relation without the correlative constitution of a field of knowledge, nor any knowledge that does not presuppose and constitute at the same time power relations. † Foucault describes that power can range from modifying ones self-control to complete coercion. It is embedded in society and all relations. As long as power relations exist, there will always be inherent authority and control. Here we see the effects of the â€Å"power to judge†. Those possessing power and knowledge use their controls on society to establish norms whereby they evaluate the actions of people.Post-judgement and examination incarceration is determined by how far the perpetrator strays from â€Å"normal†. In Foucault’s opinion, society has allowed sceptic officials to take the power to judge- people such as medical professionals, psychologists, etc. In essence, it is argued that power controls society, yet it cannot be controlled. Prison as a part of civilisation: It is emphasised time and time again throughout the book that the prison is part of society and the two cannot be separated. Prison is based on the judicial system (laws and rules governing our daily lives), which is embedded and weaved into society.Often Foucault mentions prisons along with institutions such as schools, hospitals and armies etc. They are all organised using the same framework of control and judgement- which emphasizes his stance that it is a part of society. The penal system of prison is too far incorporated into our lives to deny the connection which exists. Punishment: â€Å"The art of punishing must rest on a whole technology of representation† Foucault argues that each punishment should teach a lesson. It should not only take away a delinquents liberty and freedom, it should make them work, keep them active, enforce good habits.Prior to this, the penalty should correlate with the crime committed in order to create relevance. It need not be an attempt to control the body, but rather install regulation directed at achieving a goal- such as reintegration into community after incarceration. Discipline must be continuo us and must take the role of coercion. This we see from Foucault that it can be done using timetables and ranks- here differentiation of various series is important. The Body and Soul: Punishment was initially assigned to the physical body using methods of torture for example.In addition to this, the body could be used to stir fear amongst people during public executions. The body and the visible are reinforcing factors. However, with the changes in power, the body is no longer a target of direct punishment. The body now, as Foucault says, is supervised, controlled and organised. Although the body is replaced with the soul, it will still share an adjacent bond with punishment. Foucault argues that he produces a â€Å"genealogical account for the modern soul†- meaning that he intends to identify where the soul originated. There are two factors to this process in Discipline and Punish.First it is what is revised above- is the soul takes over from the body as the directive for p unishment. Secondly, the shift from body to soul and the new methods of discipline have ultimately generated or created the soul. Unlike the body, there are no limits to how you can penalize the soul. Evaluation of Discipline and Punish: Firstly, I will start by commenting on the extent to which the book achieves its desired goal. Foucault initially wanted to provide a power of speech for those confined to a discourse. This includes those who do not have the knowledge required to accumulate power.I feel that their issues have been brought to light, however the reasons exceeding this is for the purpose of gaining insight into the functioning of society in sociological terms. This does not give attention to their possibly ambiguous labelling of being â€Å"abnormal†. They have purely become a vessel to greater knowledge. Foucault rejected norms as positive determinants. It was seen by him as negative and oppressive. The unusual phenomenon is not a natural process instinctually followed by humans. Foucault strived to highlight this irregularity through his book.However, when commenting on individuality (which opposes norms) there is an inherent negative notion towards the concept. What then, if against norms and individuality, does Foucault conceptualise as an alternative? This is a possible indication of an argument which is incoherent and conflicting. Ultimately, as we see towards Foucault’s final sections, that his intention was not to ignite conspiracy and doubt in the minds if the reader regarding the prison, but rather to create understanding of its operation and the factors contributing to its processes.This was done with the utmost success. The historical context and actual case studies used provide valid and convincing confirmation. His views at this point are adequately supported. In terms of possibilities suggested by the book Foucault leaves us with the premise that the carceral system is very destructive in more ways than one. He also p rovides a new way for us to think of this system- as strong and highly powerful. We see that Foucault is optimistic toward change- thus highlighting prospective opportunities for the carceral system as well as the human sciences as a whole.The subject matter of the book has to this day not received further research- nothing of such extensive significance. Foucault has successfully provided us with a realistic account into the historical penal system and at the same time addressed common topics in sociology- much like his section on individualism. The material available to us regarding the penitentiary system tends to focus on specific regions or prisons-commonly those in the United States. A book which is well versed on the issue at hand is Situational Prison Control by Richard Hartley. However, it still does not divulge into the history and â€Å"birth† of the phenomenon.Foucault successfully identified a research topic which was in need of attention and enlightenment. I fee l an aspect Foucault neglected to focus on was future summations for the penal system and all it entails. We do not see any of his suggestions for possible ways forward or resolutions to the problems that exist. He has a tendency throughout the book, to highlight many downfalls yet no solutions. A few of personal proposals would have stimulated the readers thinking, ultimately opening doors for advancement for progress. Along with the above, I feel there is a lot that needs to be said on social divides amongst society.Foucault briefly touches on classes and social and economic situation but almost immediately redirected the train of thought. There is more to various demographics which influence all institutions throughout societies. Foucault failed to report on this and the way that their changes affect power relations and ultimately the penal system. Some of these demographics may include gender, age, race and ethnicity. Conclusion: I constantly referred back to specific criteria w hen considering the main arguments or theories of Discipline and Punish. This was helpful in concluding my opinion on whether Foucault has successfully argued his theory.My review concludes that a good research problem was identified and stated. The causes of this were also made apparent to the reader. Foucault carefully planned the way he would take-on this topic by testifying clear and concise points of view. At times it felt as though the argument was not coherent in that it would jump from one context to another. However, the main arguments and themes- such as the body and the soul were constantly referred to. This redeemed coherence with a well tied together and relevant argument- especially in the last section where everything is positioned into place.The evidence Foucault uses to elaborate his views and arguments are sufficient to enhance the validity of his study and specific arguments. He often provides actual occurrences in history- much like his introduction reporting on Damien’s execution in 1757 and referring to the opening of Mettray prison colony. Extensive referencing has been made available allowing further validation of facts. This in turn contributes to his ability to convince and persuade. Michel Foucault most definitely possessed the right attributes and expertise to work on this research problem.He had extensive training and experience in human sciences, from which he created his career. His direct encounters with the penal systems and prisons also granted him access to knowledge not readily available to others- thus making his expertise relative to the issue at hand. Keeping the short-comings I have mentioned in mind, I feel that Foucault’s arguments are valid and they all have been researched to the point where its concrete significance cannot be denied. Their continued relevance over the years supports my conclusion and it has in general been presented in a clear and concise manner.